帕卡·哈卡米斯（芬兰）
本文旨在探讨劳里·杭柯对于史诗研究的影响，主要是其研究方法的形成过程以及理论创新。杭柯十分重视演述者、演述事件的构成等具体环节，认为可以通过具体的演述事件把握传统在传承人脑中的存在方式。他还从史诗歌手的角度分析了伦诺特的作品，以更为切近的方式考量了口头史诗诗歌与文学性史诗《卡勒瓦拉》之间的互文性关系。
杭柯吸收了故事范型、母题、程式等源自“演述中的创编”学说中的关键概念，并且根据自己的理论需求做出了重新阐发。与之类似的还有约翰·弗里从“演述中的创编”派生出的“语词力量”这一概念。这些概念加上多形性的概念，就是杭柯史诗理论的基本构成。还有大脑文本，这个概念的重要性已经在卡勒瓦拉研究中得到了充分讨论。
一般而言，杭柯的观点与认知论的主要观点相近似。但杭柯并没有公开地讨论认知论的基本问题，不过他还是注意到了二者之间的相似性。
Innovations in the Study of Epic by Lauri Honko
Pekka Hakamies (Finland)
The aim of my presentation is to study how Lauri Honko changed the study of epics – how he built his viewpoint on previous research and what was innovation. He was interested in the performers and the way performances were created and how the tradition existed in the minds of the tradition bearers between the performances. He also took closer to each other the study of oral epic poetry and literary epic Kalevala by analysing the work of Lönnrot from the aspect of a singer of epic.
Honko acquired from the composition in performance theory its main concepts: story pattern, theme, formula, and reformulated them to suit his own needs and theoretical constructions. The same took place with the derivative of the composition in performance theory, the wordpower concept and related aspect by John Miles Foley.
Honko added to this his own concept of multiform which is all but simple in his use. Similar is the mental text, the importance of which in particular in Kalevala studies has been discussed. In general, the viewpoint of Honko came implicitly close to the cognitive viewpoint and its main concepts. For some reason, Honko was not ready to openly discuss the perspective offered by cognitive theory; he just noted some occasional similarity with his own thinking.
主讲人简介
帕卡·哈卡米斯，1981年获赫尔辛基大学文科硕士学位，1987年在马蒂·库斯教授的指导下获赫尔辛基大学哲学博士学位；1984-2006年，在芬兰约恩苏大学卡累利阿研究所任研究员，兼任约恩苏大学和赫尔辛基大学民俗研究代理教授；自2006年起，任图尔库大学民俗学教授。其主要研究领域包括：芬兰史诗、谚语研究、种族和种族认同与民俗文化、口述史学。1989-1991年在芬兰卡累利阿，1994-1996年与2001-2003年在俄罗斯卡累利阿进行实地调查；自2010年，任《民俗学会通讯》系列主编；2007-2016年，任芬兰文学学会委员会成员。
About the Speaker
Pekka Hakamies, M.A. from the University of Helsinki in 1981, Ph.D. from the University of Helsinki in 1987 under supervision of professor Matti Kuusi. He was a researcher in the Karelian Institute of the University of Joensuu from 1984 to 2006, including acting professor of folklore studies in the universities of Joensuu and Helsinki. Professor of folkloristics at the University of Turku since 2006. Main topics of interest: Finnish epic poetry, paremiology, ethnicity and ethnic identity and folk culture, oral history. Field work in Finnish Karelia in 1989-1991, in Russian Karelia in 1994-1996 and 2001-2003. Since 2010, editor of the series Folklore Fellows Communications. Member of the Board of the Finnish Literature Society from 2007 to 2016.
